Iyini i-inverter yelanga futhi yimiphi imisebenzi ye-inverter

Yini ainverter yelanga

Uhlelo lokuphehla amandla elanga le-AC lwakhiweamaphaneli elanga, isilawuli sokushaja, i-inverter kanyeibhethri ; uhlelo lokuphehla amandla elanga le-DC alufaki i-inverter. I-Inverter iyidivayisi yokuguqula amandla. Ama-inverter angahlukaniswa abe inverter ye-oscillation yokuzithokozisa kanye ne-oscillation inverter ejabulisayo ngokwendlela ye-excitation. Umsebenzi oyinhloko ukuguqula amandla e-DC ebhethri abe namandla e-AC. Ngomjikelezo webhuloho eligcwele, iphrosesa ye-SPWM ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukushintshwa, ukuhlunga, ukukhushulwa kwamandla kagesi, njll. ukuze kutholwe amandla e-sinusoidal AC afana nemvamisa yokulayisha ukukhanyisa, i-voltage elinganiselwe, njll. kubasebenzisi bokugcina bohlelo. Nge-inverter, ibhethri le-DC lingasetshenziswa ukunikeza amandla e-AC ezintweni zikagesi.

2. Uhlobo lwe-inverter

 

(1) Ukwahlukaniswa ngokobubanzi besicelo:

 

(1) I-inverter evamile

 

Okokufaka kwe-DC 12V noma 24V, AC 220V, 50Hz okukhiphayo, amandla asuka ku-75W kuya ku-5000W, amanye amamodeli anokuguqulwa kwe-AC ne-DC, okungukuthi, umsebenzi we-UPS.

 

(2) I-inverter/ishaja yonke-in-one umshini

 

Kulokhuuhlobo lwe-inverter, abasebenzisi bangasebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zamandla ukunika amandla imithwalo ye-AC: uma kukhona amandla e-AC, amandla e-AC asetshenziselwa ukunika amandla umthwalo nge-inverter, noma ukushaja ibhethri; uma amandla e-AC engekho, ibhethri lisetshenziselwa ukunika amandla umthwalo we-AC. . Ingasetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nemithombo yamandla ehlukahlukene: amabhethri, amajeneretha, amaphaneli elanga nama-wind turbines.

 

(3) I-inverter ekhethekile yeposi kanye nezokuxhumana

 

Nikeza ngeziguquli ezisezingeni eliphezulu ze-48V zokuposa kanye nezokuxhumana, ukuxhumana. Imikhiqizo yayo ingeyekhwalithi enhle, ithembekile kakhulu, i-modular (imojula ingu-1KW) inverter, futhi inomsebenzi wokuphindaphinda we-N+1 futhi inganwetshwa (amandla asuka ku-2KW aye ku-20KW).

 

4) I-inverter ekhethekile yezindiza nezempi

Lolu hlobo lwesiguquli sinokufaka okungu-28Vdc futhi lungahlinzeka ngokuphumayo kwe-AC okulandelayo: 26Vac, 115Vac, 230Vac. Imvamisa yokuphuma kwayo ingaba: 50Hz, 60Hz kanye 400Hz, futhi amandla okukhiphayo asukela ku-30VA kuya ku-3500VA. Kukhona futhi iziguquli ze-DC-DC kanye neziguquli zefrikhwensi ezinikezelwe kwezokundiza.

(2) Ukuhlelwa nge-waveform okukhiphayo:

 

(1) Isiguquli segagasi lesikwele

 

I-AC voltage waveform okukhiphayo nge-square wave inverter iyigagasi lesikwele. Izifunda ze-inverter ezisetshenziswa yilolu hlobo lwe-inverter azifani ncamashi, kodwa isici esivamile ukuthi isifunda silula futhi inani lamashubhu okushintsha amandla asetshenzisiwe lincane. Amandla okuklama ngokuvamile aphakathi kwama-watts ayikhulu kanye ne-kilowatt eyodwa. Izinzuzo ze-square wave inverter yilezi: isifunda esilula, intengo eshibhile nokugcinwa okulula. Okubi ukuthi i-voltage ye-square wave iqukethe inani elikhulu lama-harmonics aphezulu, azokhiqiza ukulahlekelwa okwengeziwe emishinini yokulayisha enama-iron core inductors noma ama-transformer, okubangela ukuphazamiseka kwemisakazo nezinye izinto zokuxhumana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlobo lwe-inverter lunokushiyeka okufana nobubanzi bokulawulwa kwamandla kagesi obanele, umsebenzi wokuvikela ongaphelele, nomsindo ophakeme uma kuqhathaniswa.

 

2) Isinyathelo se-wave inverter

Ukukhishwa kwe-AC voltage waveform ngalolu hlobo lwe-inverter kuyisinyathelo samaza. Kunemigqa eminingi ehlukene ukuze isiguquli sithole ukuphuma kwegagasi lesinyathelo, futhi inani lezinyathelo kufomu lokukhiphayo liyahlukahluka kakhulu. Inzuzo ye-inverter yesinyathelo ukuthi i-waveform okukhiphayo ithuthuke kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa negagasi lesikwele, futhi okuqukethwe kwe-harmonic oku-oda okuphezulu kuyancishiswa. Lapho izinyathelo zifinyelela ngaphezu kwe-17, i-waveform ephumayo ingafinyelela igagasi le-quasi-sinusoidal. Uma usebenzisa ukuphuma kwe-transformerless, ukusebenza kahle okuphelele kuphezulu kakhulu. Ububi ukuthi isifunda se-ladder wave superposition sisebenzisa amashubhu amaningi okushintsha amandla, futhi amanye amafomu esekethe adinga amasethi amaningi okokufaka kwamandla e-DC. Lokhu kuletha inkinga ekuqoqweni nasekufakweni kwezintambo kwamaseli elanga kanye nokushajwa okulingene kwamabhethri. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-staircase wave voltage isenokuphazamiseka okuthile kwamaza aphezulu kumarediyo nezinye izinto zokuxhumana.

 

(3) I-Sine wave inverter

 

I-AC voltage waveform okukhiphayo nge-sine wave inverter iyigagasi elinesine. Izinzuzo ze-sine wave inverter ukuthi inomsindo ophumayo omuhle, ukuhlanekezela okuphansi, ukuphazamiseka okuncane kwemisakazo nemishini yokuxhumana, nomsindo ophansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inemisebenzi yokuvikela ephelele kanye nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu sekukonke. Ukungalungi yilezi: isifunda siyinkimbinkimbi, sidinga ubuchwepheshe bokugcinwa okuphezulu, futhi siyabiza.

 

Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhlobo ezintathu ezingenhla zama-inverters kuyasiza kubaklami nabasebenzisi bezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic kanye nezinhlelo zamandla omoya ukukhomba nokukhetha ama-inverters. Eqinisweni, ama-inverters ane-waveform efanayo asahluke kakhulu ngokwemigomo yesifunda, amadivaysi asetshenzisiwe, izindlela zokulawula, njll.

 

3. Imingcele yokusebenza eyinhloko ye-inverter

 

Kunamapharamitha amaningi nezimo zobuchwepheshe ezichaza ukusebenza kwe-inverter. Lapha sinikeza kuphela incazelo emfushane yemingcele yezobuchwepheshe evame ukusetshenziswa lapho kuhlolwa ama-inverter.

1. Izimo zemvelo zokusetshenziswa kwe-inverter

 

Izimo ezijwayelekile zokusetshenziswa kwe-inverter: ukuphakama akudluli ku-1000m, futhi izinga lokushisa lomoya lingu-0 ~ + 40 ℃.

 

2. Izimo zamandla okufakwayo kwe-DC

 

Ibanga lokuguquguquka kwamandla kagesi we-DC okokufaka: ±15% wevolthi elinganiselwe yephakethe lebhethri.

 

3. I-voltage ephumayo elinganiselwe

 

Ngaphansi kwezimo zamandla okufakwayo ezishiwo, i-inverter kufanele ikhiphe inani elilinganiselwe le-voltage lapho ikhipha amandla amanje akaliwe.

 

Ibanga lokuguquguquka kwamandla kagesi: isigaba esisodwa esingu-220V±5%, isigaba sesithathu esingu-380±5%.

 

4. Ikalwe okukhiphayo okwamanje

 

Ngaphansi kwefrikhwensi yokuphumayo eshiwo kanye nesici samandla okulayisha, inani lamanje elilinganiselwe okufanele likhishwe yi-inverter.

 

5. Ikalwe imvamisa yokuphumayo

 

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezishiwo, imvamisa yokuphuma elinganiselwe ye-inverter yefrikhwensi engaguquki ingu-50Hz:

 

Ibanga lokuguquguquka kwemvamisa: 50Hz±2%.

 

6. Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-harmonic kwei-inverter

 

Kuma-sine wave inverters, ngaphansi komthwalo ophikisayo, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-harmonic kwe-voltage ephumayo kufanele kube ngu-≤10%.

 

7. I-inverter yokulayisha ngokweqile

 

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezishiwo, amandla okukhipha i-inverter adlula inani lamanje elilinganiselwe ngesikhathi esifushane. Umthamo wokulayisha ngokweqile we-inverter kufanele uhlangabezane nezidingo ezithile ngaphansi kwesici samandla esibekiwe esibekiwe.

 

8. Ukusebenza kahle kwe-inverter

 

Ngaphansi kwe-voltage elinganiselwe yokuphumayo, okukhiphayo, isici samandla somthwalo wamanje nesicacisiwe, isilinganiso samandla asebenzayo we-inverter kuya kumandla asebenzayo okokufaka (noma amandla e-DC).

 

9. Layisha isici samandla

 

Ububanzi obuhlukile obuvumelekile besici samandla okulayisha i-inverter bunconywa ukuthi bube ngu-0.7-1.0.

 

10. Layisha i-asymmetry

 

Ngaphansi komthwalo we-asymmetric ongu-10%, i-asymmetry ye-voltage ephumayo ye-inverter yesigaba sesithathu engashintshi kufanele ibe ngu-≤10%.

 

11. I-asymmetry ye-voltage ephumayo

 

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokusebenza, umthwalo wesigaba ngasinye u-symmetrical, futhi i-asymmetry ye-voltage yokuphuma kufanele ibe ngu-≤5%.

 

12. Izici zokuqalisa

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokusebenza, i-inverter kufanele ikwazi ukuqala ngokujwayelekile izikhathi ezi-5 zilandelana ngaphansi komthwalo ogcwele kanye nezimo zokusebenza ezingalayishiwe.

 

13. Umsebenzi wokuvikela

 

I-inverter kufanele ifakwe: ukuvikela kwesekethe emfishane, ukuvikeleka kwamanje, ukuvikela i-over-voltage, ukuvikela ngaphansi kwe-voltage kanye nokuvikela ukulahleka kwesigaba.

 

15. Ukugxambukela nokulwa nokugxambukela

 

I-inverter kufanele ikwazi ukumelana nokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic ezindaweni ezijwayelekile ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokusebenza ezishiwo. Ukusebenza kwe-anti-interference kanye nokuhambisana kwe-electromagnetic kwe-inverter kufanele kuhambisane nezindinganiso ezifanele.

 

16. umsindo

 

Iziguquli ezingasetshenzwa njalo, zigadwe futhi zinakekelwe kufanele zibe ≤95db;

 

Iziguquli ezisebenza njalo, ezigadwayo nezinakekelwayo kufanele zibe ngu-≤80db.

 

17. umbukiso

 

I-inverter kufanele ifakwe isibonisi sedatha yamapharamitha afana ne-AC okukhiphayo voltage, yamanje okukhiphayo, nefrikhwensi yokuphumayo, kanye nesibonisi sesignali sokufaka bukhoma, okunikwe amandla, nesimo sephutha.

 

4. Nquma izimo zobuchwepheshe ze-inverter:

 

Lapho ukhetha i-inverter yesistimu ehambisanayo yamandla e-photovoltaic/womoya, into yokuqala okufanele yenziwe ukunquma imingcele yezobuchwepheshe ebaluleke kakhulu ye-inverter: i-inverter ye-inverter ye-inverter, njenge-DC24V, 48V, 110V, 220V, njll.;

 

I-voltage ephumayo elinganiselwe, efana nesigaba sesithathu esingu-380V noma isigaba esisodwa esingu-220V;

 

I-wave wave wave, efana ne-sine wave, i-trapezoidal wave noma igagasi lesikwele.