Indlela yokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic inverters?

Ukubaluleka kwe-Photovoltaic Inverter Conversion Efficiency

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokuguqulwa kweii-inverters ze-photovoltaic . Umzekelo, ukuba sonyusa ukusebenza koguqulo nge-1%, i-inverter eyi-500KW inokuvelisa phantse iiyure ezingama-20 ngaphezulu zekilowatt zombane yonke imihla kumyinge weeyure ezi-4. Inokuvelisa phantse iiyure ezingama-7,300 ezongezelelekileyo ze-kilowatt-iiyure zombane ngonyaka, kunye ne-73,000 yeeyure ezongezelelekileyo ze-kilowatt-iiyure zombane kwiminyaka elishumi, elilingana nokuveliswa kombane kwe-5KW inverter. Ngale ndlela, abathengi banokugcina isikhululo samandla kunye ne-inverter ye-5KW, ngoko ke ukuze kuphuculwe abathengi 'Ngoyena mdla, kufuneka sandise ukusebenza kakuhle kokuguqulwa kwe-inverter kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Izinto ezichaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-photovoltaic inverter

Indlela yodwa yokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-inverter kukunciphisa ilahleko. Iilahleko eziphambili ze-inverter zivela kwiibhubhu zokutshintsha amandla ezifana ne-IGBT kunye ne-MOSFET, kunye nezixhobo zamagnetic ezifana ne-transformers kunye ne-inductors. Ilahleko ihambelana nekhoyo kunye ne-voltage yamacandelo kunye nenkqubo yezinto ezikhethiweyo. Kukho ubudlelwane. Ilahleko ye-IGBT ikakhulu yilahleko yokuqhuba kunye nelahleko yokutshintsha. Ukulahleka kokuqhuba kuhambelana nokuchasana kwangaphakathi kwesixhobo kunye nokudlula okwangoku. Ilahleko yokutshintsha inxulumene nokutshintsha rhoqo kwesixhobo kunye nombane we-DC esimelana nawo isixhobo.

Ilahleko ye-inductor ikakhulu ibandakanya ukulahleka kobhedu kunye nokulahleka kwentsimbi. Ukulahleka kobhedu kubhekisela ekulahlekeni okubangelwa ukuchasana kwekhoyili ye-inductor. Xa i-current idlula kwi-coil resistance and heats up, inxalenye yamandla ombane iya kuguqulwa ibe ngamandla obushushu kwaye ilahleke. Ekubeni i-coil ngokuqhelekileyo yenziwe ngocingo lobhedu olufakwe kwi-insulated Inxeba, ngoko kuthiwa yilahleko yobhedu. Ukulahleka kobhedu kunokubalwa ngokulinganisa i-impedance yesiphaluka esifutshane se-transformer. Ukulahleka kwentsimbi kubandakanya imiba emibini: enye yilahleko ye-hysteresis kwaye enye yilahleko yangoku ye-eddy. Ilahleko yentsimbi ingabalwa ngokulinganisa i-no-load current ye-transformer.

Indlela yokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-photovoltaic inverter?

Ngoku kukho iindlela ezintathu zobugcisa: enye kukusebenzisa iindlela zokulawula ezifana ne-space vector pulse wide modulation ukunciphisa ilahleko; enye kukusebenzisa amacandelo e-silicon carbide ukunciphisa ukuxhathisa kwangaphakathi kwezixhobo zamandla; eyesithathu kukusebenzisa amanqanaba amathathu, amanqanaba amahlanu kunye nezinye i-multi-level Flat yombane we-Flat topology kunye ne-soft switching technology ukunciphisa i-voltage kwisixhobo sombane kunye nokunciphisa ukuphindaphinda kokutshintsha kwesixhobo sombane.

1. Ukumodareyitha kobubanzi bevekhtha ye-Votege yendawo yombane

Yindlela yokulawula idijithali ngokupheleleyo enezibonelelo zokusetyenziswa kwamandla ombane aphezulu eDC kunye nolawulo olulula, kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwii-inverters. Umyinge wokusetyenziswa kwamandla ombane weDC uphezulu, kwaye amandla ombane ebhasi ye-DC asezantsi anokusetyenziswa phantsi kombane wokuphuma okufanayo, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa uxinzelelo lombane lwesixhobo sokutshintsha amandla, ilahleko yokutshintsha isixhobo incinci, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle koguqulo lwesiguquli. iphuculwa ukusa kumlinganiselo othile. ukuphuculwa. Kwi-synthesis ye-vector ye-space, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokudibanisa ukulandelelana kwe-vector. Ngokusebenzisa imidibaniso eyahlukeneyo kunye nolandelelwano, umphumo wokunciphisa inani lamaxesha okutshintsha kwezixhobo zamandla unokufumaneka, ngokunciphisa ngakumbi ilahleko yokutshintsha kwezixhobo zamandla ombane.

2. Amacandelo asebenzisa izinto ze-silicon carbide

Ukumelana neyunithi yendawo nganye yezixhobo ze-silicon carbide yipesenti enye kuphela yezixhobo ze-silicon. Ukuxhathisa kwi-state kwezixhobo zamandla ezifana nee-IGBT ezenziwe ngezinto ze-silicon carbide ziyancipha ukuya kwisinye seshumi sezixhobo ze-silicon eziqhelekileyo. I-teknoloji ye-silicon ye-carbide inokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo I-reverse recovery current ye-diode incinci, enokunciphisa ilahleko yokutshintsha kwisixhobo samandla, kunye nomthamo okhoyo ofunekayo ngumtshini oyintloko unokuncitshiswa ngokufanelekileyo. Ke ngoko, ukusebenzisa i-silicon carbide diode njenge-anti-parallel diode yeswitshi ephambili yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-inverter. indlela. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-silicon ye-anti-parallel diode yendabuko yokubuyisela ngokukhawuleza, emva kokusebenzisa i-silicon carbide anti-parallel diode, i-diode reverse recovery current iyancipha kakhulu kwaye ukuguqulwa okupheleleyo kokuguqulwa kungaphuculwa nge-1%. Emva kokusebenzisa i-IGBT ngokukhawuleza, isantya sokutshintsha sikhawuleza kwaye ukuguqulwa kokusebenza komatshini wonke kunokuphuculwa nge-2%. Xa i-SiC anti-parallel diodes idibaniswa kunye ne-IGBTs ekhawulezayo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-inverter kuya kuphuculwa ngakumbi.

3. Ukutshintsha okuthambileyo kunye neteknoloji yamanqanaba amaninzi

Itekhnoloji yokutshintsha okuthambileyo isebenzisa umgaqo we-resonance ukwenza i-current okanye i-voltage kwisixhobo sokutshintsha itshintshe i-sinusoidally okanye i-quasi-sinusoidally. Xa ikhoyo ngoku ngokwemvelo iwela i-zero, isixhobo siyacinywa; xa i-voltage ngokwemvelo iwela i-zero, isixhobo sivuliwe. Oku kunciphisa ilahleko yokutshintsha kwaye isombulule kakhulu iingxaki ezinje nge-inductive turn-off kunye ne-capacitive turn-on. Xa i-voltage kwi-tube yokutshintsha okanye i-current flowing kwi-tube yokutshintsha i-zero, ivuliwe okanye ivaliwe, ukuze kungabikho ukulahleka kokutshintsha kwi-tube yokutshintsha. Xa kuthelekiswa nolwakhiwo lwamanqanaba amabini emveli, ukukhutshwa kwe-inverter yamanqanaba amathathu kwandisa inqanaba le-zero, kwaye uxinzelelo lwe-voltage yesixhobo samandla sisiqingatha. Ngenxa yolu ncedo, ngexesha elifanayo lokutshintsha, i-inverter inokusebenzisa i-inductor yokucoca imveliso encinci kunesakhiwo semigangatho emibini, kunye nokulahlekelwa kwe-inductor, iindleko kunye nomthamo unokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo; kunye nomxholo ofanayo wokuphuma kwe-harmonic, i-inverter ingasebenzisa i-frequency yokutshintsha ephantsi kunesakhiwo samanqanaba amabini, ilahleko yokutshintsha isixhobo incinci, kwaye ukuguqulwa kokuguqulwa kwe-inverter kuphuculwe.