Unokukhetha njani phakathi kwesilawuli selanga se-PWM kunye ne-MPPT yesilawuli selanga

Umlawuli welanga licandelo elibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa amandla elanga. Izilawuli zelanga zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa amandla elanga. Umsebenzi ophambili wesilawuli selanga kukubeka iliso kwi-voltage ephumayo kunye neyangoku yepaneli yelanga kunye nokuhlawulisa okanye ukukhupha ibhetri njengoko kufuneka.

Ukongeza, isilawuli sentlawulo yelanga sinokubeka iliso kwaye sikhusele ibhetri ukunqanda iingozi ezinje ngokugcwala, ukukhupha ngaphezulu, kunye nesekethe emfutshane.

Izilawuli zelanga zihlukaniswe zibe ziindidi ezimbini zabalawuli: i-PWM (i-Pulse Width Modulation) kunye ne-MPPT (i-Maximum Power Point Tracking).

Yintoni isilawuli selanga sePWM?

Isilawuli selanga se-PWM sisixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukulawula ukutshaja kweepaneli zelanga kunye nokukhutshwa kweebhetri. I-PWM imele i-Pulse Width Modulation, elawula inkqubo yokutshaja ngokulungelelanisa ububanzi be-pulse yombane kunye nemveliso yangoku yiphaneli yelanga. Isilawuli selanga se-PWM siqinisekisa ukuba iphaneli yelanga ihlawulisa ibhetri ngokufanelekileyo ngelixa ikhusela ibhetri ekutshajisweni okanye ekukhutshweni kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo inemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yokukhusela, njengokukhuselwa kwe-overvoltage, ukukhuselwa kweesekethe ezimfutshane kunye nokukhuselwa kwe-reverse uxhumano, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwenkqubo.

Yintoni iUmlawuli welanga weMPPT?

Igama elipheleleyo le-MPPT yesilawuli selanga nguMaximum Power Point Tracking (Ubuninzi boMkhondo waMandla oMbane) umlawuli welanga. Ingumlawuli owandisa amandla ombane weepaneli zelanga. Umlawuli welanga we-MPPT uphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yelanga ngokulandela indawo ephezulu yamandla epaneli yelanga ngexesha langempela, eyona ndawo ihambelanayo phakathi kwe-voltage ye-solar output voltage kunye nekhoyo.

Abalawuli belanga be-MPPT basebenzisa i-algorithms kunye nezixhobo ze-elektroniki ukulungelelanisa i-voltage kunye nekhoyo ngexesha lokutshaja ibhetri ukuqinisekisa ukuba iipaneli zelanga zihlawula ibhetri ngokufanelekileyo. Iyakwazi ukulungelelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo amandla ombane wokutshaja ibhetri ukuze iqhelane notshintsho kumandla okukhutshwa kwepaneli yelanga, ngaloo ndlela iphucula ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.

Izilawuli zelanga ze-MPPT zihlala zinemisebenzi emininzi yokukhusela, njengokukhuselwa kwe-overvoltage, ukukhuselwa kwesiphaluka esifutshane kunye nokukhuselwa koxhulumaniso, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwenkqubo. Ingakwazi kwakhona ukubeka iliso kumandla okuvelisa kunye nesimo sokutshaja seepaneli zelanga kunye nokubonelela ngedatha efanelekileyo kunye nolwazi lweenkcukacha-manani ukunceda abasebenzisi ukulawula ngcono nokugcina iinkqubo zelanga.

Ke ungakhetha njani phakathi kwesilawuli selanga sePWM kunye neMPPT yesilawuli selanga?

Ingaba abasebenzisi bakhetha abalawuli belanga be-PWM okanye abalawuli belanga be-MPPT, kufuneka baqwalasele iimeko zabo, indawo, iindleko kunye nezinye izinto. Kuphela ngale ndlela banokuthi basebenzise kakhulu. Abasebenzisi banokuqwalasela le miba ilandelayo:

1. I-voltage yeepaneli zelanga: Umlawuli we-PWM ufanelekile kwiipaneli zelanga ezisezantsi, ngokubanzi i-12V okanye i-24V, ngelixa umlawuli we-MPPT ufanelekile kwiipaneli zelanga eziphezulu zombane kwaye unokulungelelanisa uluhlu olubanzi lwamandla ombane.

2. Ukusebenza kwenkqubo: Xa kuthelekiswa nabalawuli belanga be-PWM, abalawuli be-MPPT banokusebenza okuphezulu kokuguqulwa kwaye banokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ombane weepaneli zelanga. Kwiinkqubo ezinkulu zelanga, abalawuli belanga beMPPT baxhaphake kakhulu.

3. Iindleko: Xa kuthelekiswa nomlawuli weMPPT, umlawuli we-PWM uneendleko eziphantsi. Ukuba uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwakho lulinganiselwe kwaye isixokelelwano sakho selanga sincinci, ungakhetha umlawuli we-PWM.

4. Indawo yokufakela iipaneli zelanga: Ukuba iipaneli zelanga zifakwe kwindawo apho iimeko zokukhanya kwelanga zingazinzi okanye zitshintshe kakhulu, okanye kukho ukuqhelaniswa okuhlukeneyo phakathi kweepaneli, umlawuli weMPPT unokusingatha kakuhle ezi meko. Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwamandla elanga.

Shwankathela:

Ukuba unohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olulinganiselwe kwaye ukhangele isisombululo esifikelelekayo, esilula nesithembekileyo kunye nenkqubo encinci yokuvelisa amandla elanga, ngoko unokukhetha umlawuli welanga we-PWM. Izilawuli zelanga ze-PWM zinoqoqosho ngakumbi kwaye zilungele iinkqubo zokuvelisa amandla elanga amancinci naphakathi.

Ukuba unohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olwaneleyo kunye nenkqubo enkulu, kwaye ufuna ukulandela ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nokusebenza okungcono, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhethe umlawuli welanga we-MPPT. Izilawuli zelanga zeMPPT zifanelekile kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa amandla elanga amancinci, aphakathi kunye namakhulu. Nangona ixabiso layo liphezulu kunezilawuli zelanga ze-PWM, linokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukuguqulwa kokusebenza kwenkqubo.