Ngaba iiphaneli zelanga zinokuvelisa umbane oqhagamshelwe ngokuthe ngqo kwi-inverter

Amandla aveliswa nguiiphaneli zelanga inokudityaniswa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-inverter, enye yeendlela eziqhelekileyo zokucwangciswa kweenkqubo ze-solar photovoltaic. Iphaneli yelanga, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-photovoltaic (PV) panel, sisixhobo esiguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube ngumbane othe ngqo wangoku. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwezixhobo zombane, kubandakanya izixhobo zasekhaya kunye neenjini zamashishini, zihlala zisebenzisa i-alternating current (AC). Ke ngoko, ukuze amandla aveliswa ziipaneli zelanga asetyenziswe kwezi zixhobo, umbane weDC kufuneka uguqulwe ube ngumbane weACinverter.

Indlela yokudibanisa iipaneli zelanga kwi-inverter

Iipaneli zelanga zihlala ziqhagamshelwe kwi-inverter kuthotho okanye ngokuhambelanayo. Kuxhulumaniso lwechungechunge, iipaneli zelanga zidibaniswe kunye ukuze zivelise inqanaba le-voltage efunekayo, ngelixa uxhulumaniso oluhambelanayo, iipaneli zelanga zidibaniswe kunye ukuze zinike inqanaba elifunekayo langoku. Ii-inverters zinokuba phakathi, intambo okanye i-micro-inverters ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zenkqubo kunye noyilo.

1. I-inverter ye-centralized: Isetyenziswe kwiinkqubo ezinkulu ze-photovoltaic, iipaneli ezininzi zelanga zixhunyiwe kwi-series kunye ne-parallel kwigalelo le-DC ye-inverter enye.
2. I-inverter yentambo: Intambo nganye yepaneli yelanga idlula kwi-inverter, eyandisa ukusebenza komtya we-photovoltaic kwaye iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo kunye nokuthembeka.
3. I-Microinverter: Iphaneli nganye yelanga okanye iipaneli ezininzi zixhunyiwe kwi-microinverter eyahlukileyo, enokuthi ifikelele ekulandeleni amandla ombane aphezulu (MPPT) kwiphaneli nganye kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwenkqubo.

Isebenza njani i-inverter

Umsebenzi ongundoqo we-inverter kukuguqula amandla e-DC abe ngamandla e-AC. Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukusebenzisa amandla ombane, anje ngeetransistors kunye ne diode, ukudibanisa iifomo zamaza ezitshintshanayo ngoku ngokumodareyitha kobubanzi bepulse (PWM) okanye ezinye iindlela zokumodulation. I-inverter ingaba nayo i-algorithm ye-Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) ukuqinisekisa ukuba iipaneli zelanga zihlala zisebenza kwindawo yazo yamandla aphezulu.

Ukusebenza kwe-inverter kunye nokusebenza

Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-inverter ngumlinganiselo ophambili wokusebenza kwayo. Ii-inverters ezisebenza kakuhle kakhulu zinokunciphisa ilahleko ngexesha lokuguqulwa kwamandla kunye nokwandisa ukuveliswa kwamandla ngokubanzi kwenkqubo. Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-inverter kuchaphazeleka kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa ukuyila kwayo, amandla ombane asetyenzisiweyo, ulawulo lwe-thermal kunye ne-algorithms yokulawula.

Iingqwalasela zoYilo lweNkqubo

Xa uyila inkqubo ye-photovoltaic yelanga, ezi zinto zilandelayo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe:

1. Amandla apheleleyo ephaneli yelanga: Oku kugqiba ubuninzi bombane owenziwe yinkqubo.
2. Umthamo we-inverter: I-inverter kufuneka ikwazi ukuphatha ubuninzi bombane owenziwe ngamapaneli elanga.
3. Ukukhuselwa kwenkqubo: I-inverter kufuneka ibe ne-overload, isiphaluka esifutshane kunye nemisebenzi yokukhusela ukushisa.
4. Ukuhambelana: I-inverter kufuneka ihambelane neepaneli zelanga kunye nenkqubo yegridi.
5. Ukufakela kunye noLondolozo: I-inverter kufuneka ifakwe ngokulandela izikhokelo zomenzi kwaye igcinwe rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo.

Ukhuseleko kunye nokuthotyelwa

Iinkqubo ze-Solar PV kunye nee-inverters kufuneka ziyilwe kwaye zifakwe ngokuthobela iikhowudi zombane zendawo kunye nemigangatho yokhuseleko. Ii-inverters zihlala zifunwa ukuba zibe nezatifikethi eziyimfuneko zokhuseleko, ezifana ne-IEC 62109-1 kunye ne-IEC 62109-2.

Beka iliso kwaye ugcine

Ii-inverters zanamhlanje badla ngokuxhotyiswa ngemisebenzi yokubeka iliso ekwazi ukubeka iliso ekusebenzeni kwenkqubo ngexesha langempela, kubandakanywa ukuveliswa kwamandla, isimo se-inverter kunye nee-alamu zempazamo. Oku kunceda abaqhubi benkqubo baphucule ukusebenza kwenkqubo kwaye baphendule ngokukhawuleza kuyo nayiphi na imiba.

ukuququmbela

Iinkqubo zokuvelisa umbane wephaneli yelanga zisebenzisa isiguquli ukuguqula umsinga othe ngqo ube ngumsinga otshintshanayo ukuze usetyenziswe kwigridi yamandla okanye ngqo ukusetyenziswa ekhaya. Ukukhetha i-inverter efanelekileyo kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo kunye nokwandisa imbuyekezo kutyalo-mali. Uyilo lwenkqubo kufuneka luthathele ingqalelo uhlobo, ukusebenza kakuhle, ukhuseleko kunye neemfuno zokugcinwa kwe-inverter, ngelixa uhambelana nemigaqo kunye nemigangatho efanelekileyo.