Solar bhatiri charger yedunhu dhayagiramu kugovera

Abhatiri rezuva mudziyo unoshandisa simba rezuva pakuchaja uye kazhinji une solar panel, charge controller uye bhatiri. Nheyo yayo yekushanda ndeyekushandura simba rezuva kuita simba remagetsi, uye wozochengeta simba remagetsi mubhatiri kuburikidza nechaji controller. Kana kubhadharisa kuchidiwa, nekubatanidza midziyo yekuchaja inoenderana (yakadai senharembozha, mahwendefa, nezvimwewo), simba remagetsi mubhatiri richaendeswa kumidziyo yekuchaja yekuchaja.

Nheyo yekushanda yemajaja ezuva bhatiri yakavakirwa pane iyo photovoltaic effect, iyo yekuti kana zuva rarova solar panel, simba rechiedza rinoshandurwa kuita simba remagetsi. Iri simba remagetsi richagadziriswa nechaja controller, kusanganisira kugadzirisa voltage uye ikozvino paramita kuti ive yakachengeteka uye inobudirira kuchaja. Chinangwa chebhatiri kuchengetedza simba remagetsi kuti ripe simba kana pasina chiedza chezuva.

Solar bhatiri majaja ane huwandu hwakasiyana hwekushandisa, kusanganisira asi kwete kugumira kune dzinotevera nzvimbo:

Midziyo yekunze: senge nharembozha, mahwendefa, makamera, tochi, nezvimwewo, kunyanya musango kana munzvimbo dzisina dzimwe nzira dzekuchaja.

Mota dzemagetsi eSolar uye ngarava dzezuva: Inopa simba rekuwedzera kune mabhatiri ezvishandiso izvi.

Magetsi emumugwagwa ezuva uye mabhodhi ezuva: kupa magetsi kuburikidza nephotovoltaic effect, kuderedza kutsamira pamagetsi echinyakare.

Nzvimbo dziri kure kana nyika dzichiri kusimukira: Munzvimbo idzi, majaja ezuva anogona kushanda senzira yakavimbika yekupa simba kuvagari.

Muchidimbu, bhatiri rezuva mudziyo unoshandisa simba rezuva pakuchaja. Basa rayo rekushanda rinobva pane photovoltaic effect yekushandura simba rechiedza kuva simba remagetsi. Nekuda kwekuchengetedzwa kwayo kwezvakatipoteredza, kuchengetedza simba uye kuvimbika hunhu, solar bhatiri majaja ane yakakura tarisiro yekushandisa munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana.

Tevere, mupepeti achagovana newe mamwe solar bhatiri charger dhiyagiramu uye ongororo pfupi yemisimboti yavo yekushanda.

Solar bhatiri charger yedunhu dhayagiramu kugovera

Solar lithium-ion bhatiri charger yedunhu diagiramu (1)

Iyo yakapfava solar lithium-ion bhatiri charger seketi yakagadzirwa uchishandisa IC CN3065 ine mashoma ekunze zvikamu. Iri redunhu rinopa rinogara richibuda voltage uye isu tinogona zvakare kugadzirisa iyo inogara voltage level kuburikidza neRx (pano Rx = R3) kukosha. Dunhu iri rinoshandisa 4.4V kusvika 6V yesolar panel semagetsi ekuisa,

IC CN3065 ndeye yakakwana inogara iripo, inogara iri voltage linear charger ye single-cell Li-ion uye Li-polymer rechargeable mabhatiri. Iyi IC inopa mamiriro ekuchaja uye mamiriro ekupedzisa kuchaja. Inowanikwa mu8-pini DFN package.

IC CN3065 ine on-chip 8-bit ADC inogadzirisa otomatiki kuchaja iko zvino zvichibva pakukwanisa kubuda kwemagetsi ekuisa. Iyi IC inokodzera solar magetsi ekugadzira masisitimu. Iyo IC inoratidzira inogara iripo uye inogara ichishandiswa magetsi uye inoratidzira kudzora kwemafuta kuti uwedzere mitengo yekuchaja pasina njodzi yekupisa. Iyi IC inopa bhatiri tembiricha inonzwa kushanda.

Mune ino solar lithium ion battery charger circuit tinogona kushandisa chero 4.2V kusvika 6V solar panel uye bhatiri rekuchaja rinofanira kunge riri 4.2V lithium ion bhatiri. Sezvambotaurwa, iyi IC CN3065 ine ese anodiwa bhatiri yekuchaja wedunhu pane chip uye isu hatidi zvakawanda zvekunze zvikamu. Simba kubva kune solar panel rinoiswa zvakananga kuVin pini kuburikidza neJ1. Iyo C1 capacitor inoita basa rekusefa. Iyo tsvuku LED inoratidza kuchaja mamiriro uye iyo yakasvibira LED inoratidza kuchaja kupedzisa mamiriro. Tora bhatiri rekubuda kwemagetsi kubva paBAT pini yeCN3065. Iyo mhinduro uye tembiricha inonzwa pini zvakabatana mhiri kweJ2.

Solar bhatiri charger dhiyagiramu (2)

Simba rezuva nderimwe remhando dzemahara dzesimba renewable pasi rose. Kuwedzera kwesimba rinodiwa kwakamanikidza vanhu kutsvaga nzira dzekuwana magetsi kubva kune simba rinowanikwazve, uye simba rezuva rinoratidzika sechinhu chinovimbisa simba. Dunhu riri pamusoro rinoratidza nzira yekuvaka yakawanda-chinangwa chejaja bhatiri kubva kune yakapfava solar panel.

Dunhu rinotora simba kubva kune 12V, 5W solar panel inoshandura chiitiko mwenje simba kuita simba remagetsi. Diode 1N4001 yakawedzerwa kudzivirira ikozvino kuti irege kuyerera ichidzokera kumashure, zvichikonzera kukanganisa kune solar panel.

Iyo yazvino inomisa resistor R1 inowedzerwa kune iyo LED kuratidza mafambiro ekuyerera kweazvino. Ipapo kunouya chikamu chakareruka chedunhu, ichiwedzera iyo voltage regulator kudzora voltage uye kuwana inodiwa voltage level. IC 7805 inopa 5V kuburitsa, nepo IC 7812 ichipa 12V kubuda.

Resistors R2 uye R3 inoshandiswa kudzikamisa yekuchaja ikozvino kune yakachengeteka nhanho. Unogona kushandisa dunhu riri pamusoro kuchaja mabhatiri eNi-MH uye mabhatiri eLi-ion. Iwe unogona zvakare kushandisa yekuwedzera voltage regulator ICs kuti uwane akasiyana emagetsi ekubuda mazinga.

Solar bhatiri charger dhiyagiramu (3)

Iyo solar bhatiri charger yedunhu haisi chinhu kunze kwehuviri muenzanisi unobatanidza solar panel nebhatiri kana voltage pane yekupedzisira terminal yakadzikira uye yoibvisa kana yadarika imwe chikumbaridzo. Sezvo ichingoyera bhatiri voltage, inonyanya kukodzera mabhatiri ekutungamirira, electrolyte zvinwiwa kana colloids, iyo inonyatsokodzera nzira iyi.

Iyo bhatiri voltage inoparadzaniswa neR3 uye inotumirwa kune maviri maenzanisi muIC2. Kana yakadzikira pane chikumbaridzo chakatemerwa neP2 kubuda, IC2B inova yakakwira, izvo zvinoitawo kuti IC2C inobuda ive yakakwirira. T1 inozadza uye relay RL1 inoitisa, ichibvumira solar panel kuchaja bhatiri kuburikidza neD3. Kana magetsi ebhatiri akadarika chikumbaridzo chakaiswa neP1, zvese zvinobuda ICA neIC-C zvinodzika, zvichiita kuti relay ivhure, nokudaro kudzivirira kuwandisa bhatiri uchichaja. Kudzikamisa zvikumbaridzo zvakatemerwa neP1 neP2, ivo vakashongedzerwa neyakasanganiswa voltage regulator IC, yakanyatsoparadzaniswa nevoltage yesolar panel kuburikidza neD2 neC4.

Solar bhatiri charger dhiyagiramu (4)

Iri ndiro dhiyagiramu rechaja yebhatiri inofambiswa nesero rezuva rimwechete. Dunhu iri rakagadzirwa uchishandisa MC14011B inogadzirwa neON Semiconductor. CD4093 inogona kushandiswa kutsiva MC14011B. Supply voltage range: 3.0 VDC kusvika 18 VDC.

Dunhu iri rinochaja bhatiri re9V rinenge 30mA pane yekuisa amp pa 0.4V. U1 ndeye quad Schmitt trigger inogona kushandiswa seyakagadzika multivibrator kutyaira push-dhonza TMOS zvishandiso Q1 uye Q2. Simba reU1 rinowanikwa kubva ku9V bhatiri kuburikidza neD4; simba reQ1 neQ2 rinopihwa nesolar cell. Iyo multivibrator frequency, inotarwa neR2-C1, yakaiswa ku 180 Hz kuitira kugona kwakanyanya kwe6.3V filament transformer T1. Yechipiri yetransformer yakabatana kune yakazara wave bridge rectifier D1 iyo yakabatana nebhatiri ririkuchajwa. Iyo diki nickel-cadmium bhatiri isimba-rakachengetedzeka rekusimudzira simba rinobvumira sisitimu kupora kana bhatiri re9V raburitswa zvizere.