Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati yizuba nizuba zitanga izuba

Imirasire y'izuba amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ni ibintu bibiri bitandukanye muri sisitemu yo gufotora izuba, kandi uruhare rwabo n'imikorere muri sisitemu biratandukanye. Kugirango dusobanure itandukaniro riri hagati yabo muburyo burambuye, dukeneye gusesengura ihame ryimikorere ya sisitemu yifoto yizuba, uruhare rwizuba, imikorere yumuriro wizuba nimikoranire yabyo muri sisitemu.

Uburyo sisitemu yifoto yizuba ikora

Sisitemu yifoto yizuba ni sisitemu ihindura urumuri rwizuba ingufu zamashanyarazi. Sisitemu igizwe ahaniniimirasire y'izuba . Imirasire y'izuba ikurura urumuri rw'izuba ikayihindura mu buryo butaziguye (DC), hanyuma igahindurwa binyuze muri inverter ihinduranya amashanyarazi (AC) kugirango amashanyarazi cyangwa gukoresha urugo.

Uruhare rw'izuba (imashanyarazi)

Imirasire y'izuba ni ikintu cyingenzi muri sisitemu yifoto yizuba, igizwe ningirabuzimafatizo nyinshi (selile Photovoltaic). Utugingo ngengabuzima dukoresha ingaruka zifotora yibikoresho bya semiconductor, nka silikoni, kugirango ihindure ingufu za fotone mumirasire yizuba muri electron, bityo bitange amashanyarazi. Umuyoboro ukomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ni umuyoboro utaziguye, kandi imbaraga zacyo n’umuyaga biterwa nibintu, ingano, imiterere yumucyo, ubushyuhe nibindi bintu bigize izuba.

Imirasire y'izuba

Imirasire y'izuba ubusanzwe yerekeza kuri inverter muri sisitemu y'izuba. Igikorwa nyamukuru cya inverter nuguhindura ingufu za DC zituruka kumirasire yizuba mumashanyarazi ya AC kugirango ikoreshwe mubikoresho byo murugo cyangwa mumashanyarazi. Inverter ifite kandi indi mirimo ifasha, nko kurinda ingaruka zirwa (kubuza inverter kugaburira ingufu za gride mugihe gride idafite ingufu), kurinda imitwaro irenze urugero, kurinda imiyoboro ngufi, kurinda surge, nibindi byongeyeho, inverters zimwe ufite kandi ibikorwa byo gukurikirana amakuru ashobora kwandika no kohereza amakuru yibyara amashanyarazi yizuba.

Itandukaniro hagatiimirasire y'izuban'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba

1. Uburyo butandukanye bwo guhindura ingufu: Imirasire y'izuba ihindura ingufu z'izuba imbaraga za DC, mugihe amashanyarazi akoresha izuba (inverters) ahindura ingufu za DC mumashanyarazi ya AC.

2. Inshingano zitandukanye za sisitemu: Imirasire y'izuba ni ibikoresho byo gukusanya ingufu, mugihe imirasire y'izuba ari ibikoresho byo guhindura no kugenzura.

3. Ibisabwa bitandukanye bya tekiniki: Igishushanyo nogukora imirasire yizuba byibanda kumikorere yifoto yumuriro nubumenyi bwibikoresho, mugihe igishushanyo mbonera cy’amashanyarazi yibanda ku ikoranabuhanga rya elegitoroniki n’ingamba zo kugenzura.

4. Ibice bitandukanye byigiciro: Imirasire yizuba mubisanzwe ibara igice kinini cyibiciro bya sisitemu yifoto yizuba, mugihe imirasire yizuba (inverters), nubwo nayo ari ngombwa, ifite igiciro gito.

Imikoranire yizuba hamwe nizuba

Muri sisitemu y'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, imirasire y'izuba hamwe n’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba (inverters) bigomba gukorera hamwe kugira ngo ingufu z'izuba zikoreshwe neza. Imbaraga za DC zituruka kumirasire y'izuba zigomba guhindurwa mumashanyarazi ya AC na inverter mbere yuko ikoreshwa nibikoresho byo murugo cyangwa kwinjizwa muri gride. Mubyongeyeho, inverter irashobora kandi guhindura imikorere yayo ukurikije ibikenerwa na gride yumuriro nibisohoka biranga imirasire yizuba kugirango hongerwe imikorere muri sisitemu.

mu gusoza

Imirasire y'izuba hamwe n’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba (inverters) ni ibintu bibiri bitandukanye ariko byuzuzanya bigize sisitemu yo gufotora izuba. Imirasire y'izuba ishinzwe gukusanya ingufu z'izuba no kuyihindura mu buryo butaziguye, mu gihe amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ahindura amashanyarazi mu buryo butandukanye kugira ngo ingufu z'amashanyarazi zishobore gukoreshwa cyane. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro n'imikoranire yabo nibyingenzi mugushushanya no gukoresha sisitemu yizuba.