Imirasire y'izuba ya charger yumuzingi igabana

A.amashanyarazi yumuriro wizuba ni igikoresho gikoresha ingufu z'izuba mu kwishyuza kandi ubusanzwe kigizwe n'izuba, umugenzuzi w'amashanyarazi na batiri. Ihame ryakazi ryayo nuguhindura ingufu zizuba ingufu zamashanyarazi, hanyuma ukabika ingufu zamashanyarazi muri bateri ukoresheje umugenzuzi wumuriro. Mugihe bisabwa kwishyurwa, muguhuza ibikoresho bijyanye no kwishyuza (nka terefone igendanwa, tableti, nibindi), ingufu z'amashanyarazi muri bateri zizoherezwa mubikoresho byo kwishyuza kugirango bishyure.

Ihame ryakazi ryumuriro wa batiri yizuba rishingiye ku ngaruka zifotora, ni uko iyo urumuri rwizuba rukubise izuba, ingufu zumucyo zihinduka ingufu zamashanyarazi. Izi mbaraga z'amashanyarazi zizatunganywa nuwashinzwe kwishyuza, harimo guhindura voltage hamwe nibipimo bigezweho kugirango harebwe neza kandi neza. Intego ya bateri ni ukubika ingufu z'amashanyarazi kugirango zitange ingufu mugihe hari izuba rike cyangwa ridafite.

Amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba afite porogaramu zitandukanye, harimo ariko ntizagarukira gusa ku bice bikurikira:

Ibikoresho byo hanze: nka terefone zigendanwa, tableti, kamera, amatara, nibindi, cyane cyane mwishyamba cyangwa mubidukikije nta bundi buryo bwo kwishyuza.

Imashanyarazi yizuba hamwe nubwato bwizuba: Itanga ingufu zinyongera kuri bateri yibi bikoresho.

Amatara yumuhanda wizuba hamwe nicyapa cyizuba: gutanga amashanyarazi binyuze mumashanyarazi, kugabanya kugabanuka kumashanyarazi gakondo.

Uturere twa kure cyangwa ibihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere: Aha hantu, amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba arashobora kuba inzira yizewe yo guha ingufu abaturage.

Muri make, amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ni igikoresho gikoresha ingufu z'izuba mu kwishyuza. Ihame ryakazi ryayo rishingiye ku ngaruka zifotora kugirango ihindure ingufu z'umucyo ingufu z'amashanyarazi. Bitewe no kurengera ibidukikije, kuzigama ingufu no kwizerwa, amashanyarazi ya batiri yizuba afite amahirwe menshi yo gukoresha mubice bitandukanye.

Ibikurikira, umwanditsi azagusangiza nawe ibishushanyo mbonera byumuriro wizuba hamwe nisesengura rigufi ryamahame yabo.

Imirasire y'izuba ya charger yumuzingi igabana

Imirasire y'izuba ya litiro-ion ya charger yumuzingi (1)

Imirasire yizuba ya lithium-ion yumuriro wumuriro wateguwe ukoresheje IC CN3065 hamwe nibice bike byo hanze. Uyu muzunguruko utanga umusaruro uhoraho wa voltage kandi dushobora kandi guhindura urwego rwa voltage ruhoraho binyuze muri Rx (hano Rx = R3). Uyu muzunguruko ukoresha 4.4V kugeza 6V yumurongo wizuba nkumuriro winjiza,

IC CN3065 numuyoboro wuzuye uhoraho, uhoraho wumurongo wumurongo wumuriro wa selile imwe Li-ion na Li-polymer bateri zishobora kwishyurwa. Iyi IC itanga uburyo bwo kwishyuza no kwishyuza kurangiza. Iraboneka muri 8-pin ya DFN.

IC CN3065 ifite kuri chip 8-bit ADC ihita ihindura amashanyarazi yumuriro ukurikije ubushobozi bwo gusohora amashanyarazi. Iyi IC ibereye sisitemu yo kubyara ingufu z'izuba. IC igaragaramo imikorere ihoraho kandi ihoraho ya voltage kandi ikagaragaza amabwiriza yubushyuhe kugirango igabanye igipimo cyo kwishyuza nta ngaruka zo gushyuha. Iyi IC itanga imikorere yubushyuhe bwa bateri.

Muri iyi mirasire y'izuba ya batiri ya lithium ion dushobora gukoresha imirasire y'izuba iyo ari yo yose 4.2V kugeza 6V kandi bateri yumuriro igomba kuba 4.2V ya litiro ion. Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, iyi IC CN3065 ifite ibyangombwa byose bisabwa byumuriro wa batiri kuri chip kandi ntidukeneye ibice byinshi byo hanze. Imbaraga ziva mumirasire y'izuba zikoreshwa muburyo butaziguye kuri Vin pin binyuze muri J1. C1 capacitor ikora ibikorwa byo kuyungurura. LED itukura yerekana uko kwishyuza naho icyatsi LED cyerekana kwishyuza kurangiza. Shakisha ingufu za batiri ziva muri BAT pin ya CN3065. Ibitekerezo hamwe nubushyuhe bwo kumva bihujwe kuri J2.

Imirasire y'izuba ya batiri izuba (2)

Imirasire y'izuba ni bumwe mu buntu bw'ingufu zishobora kubaho isi ifite. Ubwiyongere bw'ingufu zikenerwa bwatumye abantu bashakisha uburyo bwo kubona amashanyarazi aturuka ku mbaraga zishobora kongera ingufu, kandi ingufu z'izuba bigaragara ko ari isoko itanga ingufu. Umuzunguruko wavuzwe haruguru uzerekana uburyo wakubaka amashanyarazi menshi ya bateri yumuriro uturutse kumirasire yizuba yoroshye.

Umuzunguruko ukuramo ingufu ziva mumirasire y'izuba ya 12V, 5W ihindura ingufu z'umucyo mubyabaye ingufu z'amashanyarazi. Diode 1N4001 yongeweho kugirango ibuze umuyaga gutembera mu cyerekezo kinyuranyo, bitera kwangirika kwizuba.

Imiyoboro igabanya ubukana R1 yongewe kuri LED kugirango yerekane icyerekezo cyubu. Noneho haza igice cyoroshye cyumuzunguruko, wongeyeho voltage igenzura kugirango uhindure voltage kandi ubone urwego rwifuzwa. IC 7805 itanga ibisohoka 5V, mugihe IC 7812 itanga 12V ibisohoka.

Rististors R2 na R3 zikoreshwa mukugabanya amashanyarazi yumuriro kurwego rutekanye. Urashobora gukoresha umuzenguruko wavuzwe haruguru kugirango wishyure bateri Ni-MH na bateri ya Li-ion. Urashobora kandi gukoresha amashanyarazi yinyongera ya IC kugirango ubone urwego rutandukanye rwa voltage.

Imirasire y'izuba ya batiri izuba (3)

Umuzunguruko w'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ntakindi uretse kugereranya kabiri uhuza imirasire y'izuba na bateri iyo voltage kuri terefone ya nyuma iba mike kandi ikayihagarika niba irenze igipimo runaka. Kubera ko ipima ingufu za bateri gusa, irakwiriye cyane cyane kuri bateri ziyobora, amazi ya electrolyte cyangwa colloide, bikwiranye nubu buryo.

Umuvuduko wa bateri watandukanijwe na R3 kandi woherejwe kubigereranya byombi muri IC2. Iyo ari munsi yurugero rwagenwe nigisohoka cya P2, IC2B iba murwego rwo hejuru, nayo itera umusaruro wa IC2C kuba murwego rwo hejuru. T1 yuzura kandi yerekana RL1 ikora, ituma imirasire y'izuba yishyuza bateri ikoresheje D3. Iyo voltage ya batiri irenze igipimo cyashyizweho na P1, ibisubizo byombi ICA na IC-C bigenda hasi, bigatuma relay ikingurwa, bityo ukirinda kurenza bateri mugihe urimo kwishyuza. Kugirango uhagarike imbibi zagenwe na P1 na P2, zifite ibikoresho bigizwe na voltage igenzura IC, bitandukanijwe cyane na voltage yumuriro wizuba ukoresheje D2 na C4.

Imirasire y'izuba ya batiri izuba (4)

Iki nigishushanyo mbonera cyumuzunguruko wa bateri ikoreshwa na selile imwe yizuba. Uyu muzunguruko wakozwe ukoresheje MC14011B yakozwe na ON Semiconductor. CD4093 irashobora gukoreshwa mugusimbuza MC14011B. Gutanga voltage urwego: 3.0 VDC kugeza 18 VDC.

Uyu muzunguruko utwara bateri 9V kuri 30mA kuri amp yinjiza kuri 0.4V. U1 ni kwaduka ya Schmitt ishobora gukoreshwa nka multivibrator itangaje kugirango itware-gukurura ibikoresho bya TMOS Q1 na Q2. Imbaraga za U1 ziboneka muri bateri 9V binyuze muri D4; imbaraga za Q1 na Q2 zitangwa nizuba. Imiyoboro ya Multivibrator, yagenwe na R2-C1, yashyizwe kuri Hz 180 kugirango ikore neza cyane ya 6.3V ya firimu ya T1. Igice cya kabiri cya transformateur ihujwe na feri yuzuye ikiraro ikosora D1 ihujwe na bateri yishyurwa. Bateri ntoya ya nikel-cadmium ni amashanyarazi adashimishije yo gutanga amashanyarazi atuma sisitemu isubirana iyo bateri 9V irangiye.