Nigute ushobora kunoza imikorere no kubyara ingufu za fotovoltaque inverter?

Akamaro ka Photovoltaic Inverter Guhindura neza

Ni ngombwa cyane kunoza imikorere yo guhinduraInvolters . Kurugero, niba twongereye imikorere yo guhindura 1%, inverter ya 500KW irashobora kubyara amasaha agera kuri 20 kilowatt yumuriro buri munsi mugihe cyamasaha 4. Irashobora gutanga amashanyarazi agera kuri 7.300 yumuriro wa kilowatt kumwaka, hamwe nandi masaha 73.000 yumuriro wamashanyarazi mumyaka icumi, ibyo bikaba bihwanye no kubyara amashanyarazi ya 5KW inverter. Muri ubu buryo, abakiriya barashobora kuzigama amashanyarazi hamwe na 5KW inverter, kugirango rero tunoze abakiriya 'Mubyifuzo byiza, dukeneye kongera imikorere yimikorere ya inverter bishoboka.

Ibintu bigira ingaruka kumikorere ya Photovoltaque

Inzira yonyine yo kunoza imikorere ya inverter ni ukugabanya igihombo. Igihombo nyamukuru cya inverter ituruka kumashanyarazi ahinduranya amashanyarazi nka IGBT na MOSFET, hamwe nibikoresho bya magneti nka transformateur na inductors. Igihombo kijyanye nubu na voltage yibigize hamwe nibikorwa byibikoresho byatoranijwe. Hariho umubano. Igihombo cya IGBT ahanini ni igihombo cyo gutwara no gutakaza igihombo. Igihombo cyo gutwarwa kijyanye no kurwanya imbere kwigikoresho hamwe numuyoboro urengana. Igihombo cyo guhinduranya gifitanye isano no guhinduranya inshuro yibikoresho hamwe na voltage ya DC igikoresho gihanganira.

Igihombo cya inductor ahanini kirimo gutakaza umuringa no gutakaza ibyuma. Gutakaza umuringa bivuga igihombo cyatewe no kurwanya coil inductor. Iyo umuyoboro unyuze mumashanyarazi hanyuma ugashyuha, igice cyingufu zamashanyarazi kizahinduka ingufu zubushyuhe kandi kibuze. Kubera ko muri rusange igiceri gikozwe mu nsinga z'umuringa zikomerekejwe Ni igikomere, bityo cyitwa gutakaza umuringa. Igihombo cyumuringa kirashobora kubarwa mugupima inzitizi ngufi zumuzunguruko. Gutakaza ibyuma birimo ibintu bibiri: kimwe ni igihombo cya hystereze ikindi ni igihombo cya eddy. Igihombo cyicyuma kirashobora kubarwa mugupima nta-mutwaro uhinduka wa transformateur.

Nigute ushobora kunoza imikorere ya inverter ya Photovoltaque?

Hano hari inzira eshatu tekinike: imwe nugukoresha uburyo bwo kugenzura nkumwanya wa vector pulse ubugari bwo kugabanya igihombo; ikindi ni ugukoresha ibikoresho bya silicon karbide kugirango ugabanye imbere imbere yibikoresho byamashanyarazi; icya gatatu ni ugukoresha urwego-eshatu, urwego-rwatanu nizindi nzego nyinshi zo mu bwoko bwa Flat amashanyarazi topologiya hamwe na tekinoroji yo guhinduranya byoroheje bigabanya voltage hejuru yigikoresho cyamashanyarazi kandi bikagabanya inshuro zo guhinduranya ibikoresho byamashanyarazi.

1. Umuvuduko wumwanya wa vector pulse ubugari

Nuburyo bwuzuye bwo kugenzura uburyo bwa digitale hamwe nibyiza byo gukoresha amashanyarazi menshi ya DC no kugenzura byoroshye, kandi bikoreshwa cyane muri inverters. Igipimo cyo gukoresha amashanyarazi ya DC ni kinini, kandi ingufu za bisi ya DC irashobora gukoreshwa munsi yumubyigano umwe, bityo bikagabanya imbaraga za voltage yikintu cyo guhinduranya amashanyarazi, igihombo cyo guhinduranya igikoresho ni gito, kandi nuburyo bwo guhindura imikorere ya inverter ni Byahinduwe Kuri Urwego. gutera imbere. Mumwanya wa vector synthesis, hariho uburyo butandukanye bwa vector ikurikirana. Binyuze mu guhuza hamwe no gukurikiranya, ingaruka zo kugabanya inshuro zo guhinduranya ibikoresho byamashanyarazi zirashobora kuboneka, bityo bikagabanya igihombo cyo guhinduranya ibikoresho byamashanyarazi.

2. Ibigize ukoresheje ibikoresho bya karubide ya silicon

Kurwanya buri gice cyibikoresho bya silicon karbide ni kimwe gusa kwijana ryibikoresho bya silicon. Kurwanya leta yibikoresho byamashanyarazi nka IGBTs bikozwe mubikoresho bya karubide ya silicon bigabanuka kugeza kuri kimwe cya cumi cyibikoresho bisanzwe bya silikoni. Tekinoroji ya karibide ya silicon irashobora kugabanya neza Impinduka zogusubira inyuma ya diode ni nto, irashobora kugabanya igihombo cyo guhinduranya igikoresho cyamashanyarazi, kandi ubushobozi bwubu busabwa na moteri nkuru nayo irashobora kugabanuka uko bikwiye. Kubwibyo, gukoresha silicon karbide diode nka anti-parallel diode ya switch nyamukuru ninzira nziza yo kunoza imikorere ya inverter. inzira. Ugereranije na gakondo yihuta-isubirana silicon anti-parallel diode, nyuma yo gukoresha silicon karbide anti-parallel diode, diode ihindagurika yo kugaruka iragabanuka cyane kandi imikorere rusange yo guhindura irashobora kunozwa na 1%. Nyuma yo gukoresha byihuse IGBT, umuvuduko wo guhinduranya wihuta kandi imikorere yimashini yose irashobora kunozwa na 2%. Iyo SiC anti-parallel diode ihujwe na IGBT yihuta, imikorere ya inverter izarushaho kunozwa.

3. Guhindura byoroshye hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryo murwego rwinshi

Tekinoroji yo guhinduranya yoroshye ikoresha ihame rya resonance kugirango igezweho cyangwa voltage mugikoresho cyo guhinduranya gihindura sinusoidally cyangwa quasi-sinusoidally. Iyo ikigezweho gisanzwe zeru, igikoresho kizimya; iyo voltage isanzwe irenga zeru, igikoresho kirafungura. Ibi bigabanya guhinduranya igihombo kandi bikemura cyane ibibazo nko kuzimya inductive na capacitive-on. Iyo voltage yambukiranya umuyoboro cyangwa umuyoboro unyura muri tari ya switch ni zeru, irakingura cyangwa irazimya, kugirango hatabaho igihombo cyo guhinduranya muri tube. Ugereranije nuburyo gakondo bubiri-urwego rwimiterere, ibisohoka byinzego eshatu inverter byongera urwego rwa zeru, kandi imbaraga za voltage yibikoresho byamashanyarazi zikubye kabiri. Kubera iyi nyungu, kumurongo umwe wo guhinduranya, inverter irashobora gukoresha inductor ntoya isohoka muyunguruzi kuruta urwego rwinzego ebyiri, kandi igihombo cya inductor, igiciro nubunini birashobora kugabanuka neza; kandi kubisohoka bimwe bihuza ibirimo, Inverter irashobora gukoresha inshuro ntoya yo guhinduranya kurenza urwego rwinzego ebyiri, igihombo cyo guhinduranya ibikoresho ni gito, kandi imikorere yo guhindura inverter iratera imbere.