Momwe mungasinthire bwino komanso kutulutsa mphamvu kwa ma inverters a photovoltaic?

Kufunika kwa Photovoltaic Inverter Converter Mwachangu

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwongolera kutembenuka kwachangu kwama inverters a photovoltaic . Mwachitsanzo, ngati tiwonjezera mphamvu yosinthira ndi 1%, chosinthira cha 500KW chimatha kupanga magetsi pafupifupi ma kilowati 20 tsiku lililonse kwa maola anayi. Itha kupanga pafupifupi ma kilowatt-maola 7,300 owonjezera pachaka, ndi ma kilowatt-maola 73,000 owonjezera pazaka khumi, zomwe ndizofanana ndi kutulutsa mphamvu kwa inverter ya 5KW. Mwanjira imeneyi, makasitomala amatha kupulumutsa malo opangira magetsi okhala ndi inverter ya 5KW, kotero kuti tiwongolere makasitomala 'Mofunika kwambiri, tifunika kuwonjezera kusinthika kwa inverter momwe tingathere.

Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza mphamvu ya photovoltaic inverter

Njira yokhayo yosinthira mphamvu ya inverter ndikuchepetsa kutayika. Zowonongeka zazikulu za inverter zimachokera ku machubu osinthira mphamvu monga IGBT ndi MOSFET, komanso zida zamaginito monga zosinthira ndi ma inductors. Zotayika zimagwirizana ndi zamakono ndi magetsi a zigawo zikuluzikulu ndi ndondomeko ya zipangizo zosankhidwa. Pali maubale. Kutayika kwa IGBT makamaka kutayika kwa conduction ndi kutayika kwa kusintha. Kutayika kwa conduction kumagwirizana ndi kukana kwamkati kwa chipangizocho ndi zomwe zikudutsa. Kutayika kwa kusinthaku kumakhudzana ndi kusintha kwafupipafupi kwa chipangizocho ndi magetsi a DC omwe chipangizochi chimapirira.

Kutayika kwa inductor makamaka kumaphatikizapo kutaya kwa mkuwa ndi kutaya kwachitsulo. Kutayika kwa mkuwa kumatanthauza kutayika komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kukana kwa coil inductor. Pamene panopa akudutsa kukana koyilo ndi kutentha, mbali ya mphamvu ya magetsi idzasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu ya kutentha ndikutayika. Popeza koyiloyo nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi waya wamkuwa wotsekedwa Imavulala, motero imatchedwa kutaya kwa mkuwa. Kutayika kwa mkuwa kungathe kuwerengedwa poyesa kusokonezeka kwafupipafupi kwa transformer. Kutayika kwachitsulo kumaphatikizapo zinthu ziwiri: imodzi ndi kutayika kwa hysteresis ndipo ina ndikutayika kwa eddy panopa. Kutayika kwachitsulo kumatha kuwerengedwa poyesa kuchuluka kwaposachedwa kwa transformer.

Momwe mungasinthire mphamvu ya photovoltaic inverter?

Pakalipano pali njira zitatu zamakono: imodzi ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowongolera monga kusinthasintha kwa mlengalenga vector pulse width kuti muchepetse kutayika; ina ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito zida za silicon carbide kuti muchepetse kukana kwamkati kwa zida zamagetsi; chachitatu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito masitepe atatu, asanu ndi ena ambiri a Flat magetsi a topology ndi teknoloji yosinthira yofewa imachepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi pa chipangizo chamagetsi ndikuchepetsa kusinthasintha kwamagetsi amagetsi.

1. Voltage space vekitala kugunda m'lifupi kusinthasintha

Ndi njira yowongolerera ya digito yokhala ndi zabwino zake zogwiritsa ntchito ma voliyumu apamwamba a DC komanso kuwongolera kosavuta, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pama inverters. Mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito magetsi a DC ndiyokwera kwambiri, ndipo magetsi otsika a mabasi a DC angagwiritsidwe ntchito pansi pa voteji yomweyi, motero kuchepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi ya chipangizo chosinthira mphamvu, kutayika kwa kusintha kwa chipangizocho kumakhala kochepa, komanso kusinthasintha kwa inverter. imawongoleredwa kumlingo wakutiwakuti. kusintha. Mu kaphatikizidwe ka vector mlengalenga, pali njira zingapo zophatikizira ma vector. Kupyolera mu kuphatikizika kosiyana ndi kutsatizana, zotsatira za kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha nthawi zosinthika za zipangizo zamagetsi zimatha kupezeka, potero kuchepetsa kutayika kwa kusintha kwa zida za inverter.

2. Zigawo zogwiritsa ntchito zida za silicon carbide

Kukaniza pagawo lililonse la zida za silicon carbide ndi gawo limodzi lokha la zida za silicon. Kukana kwamphamvu kwa zida zamagetsi monga ma IGBT opangidwa ndi silicon carbide kumachepetsedwa kukhala gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi a zida za silicon wamba. Tekinoloje ya silicon carbide imatha kuchepetsa bwino Kubwezeretsanso kwa diode ndikocheperako, komwe kumatha kuchepetsa kutayika kosinthika pa chipangizo chamagetsi, ndipo mphamvu yomwe ikufunidwa ndi chosinthira chachikulu imathanso kuchepetsedwa molingana. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito ma silicon carbide diode ngati ma diode odana ndi ma switch akulu ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopititsira patsogolo mphamvu ya inverter. njira. Poyerekeza ndi ma diode a silicon anti-parallel obwezeretsa mwachangu, atagwiritsa ntchito silicon carbide anti-parallel diode, diode reverse reverse reverse pano imachepetsedwa kwambiri ndipo kutembenuka kwathunthu kumatha kusinthidwa ndi 1%. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito IGBT mwachangu, liwiro losinthira limachulukira ndipo kusinthika kwa makina onse kumatha kupitsidwanso ndi 2%. Pamene SiC anti-parallel diodes ikuphatikizidwa ndi IGBTs mofulumira, mphamvu ya inverter idzapititsidwa patsogolo.

3. Kusintha kofewa komanso ukadaulo wamitundu yambiri

Ukadaulo wosinthira wofewa umagwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya resonance kuti magetsi apano kapena voteji mu chosinthira asinthe sinusoidally kapena quasi-sinusoidally. Pamene panopa mwachibadwa kuwoloka ziro, chipangizocho chimazimitsidwa; voteji ikadutsa mwachilengedwe zero, chipangizocho chimayatsidwa. Izi zimachepetsa kutayika kwa kusintha ndikuthetsa kwambiri mavuto monga kutseka kwa inductive ndi kuyatsa capacitive. Pamene voteji kudutsa lophimba chubu kapena panopa akuyenda kudzera lophimba chubu ndi ziro, ndi kuyatsa kapena kuzimitsa, kotero kuti palibe kusintha kusintha mu chubu lophimba. Poyerekeza ndi mawonekedwe amitundu iwiri, kutulutsa kwa inverter yamagawo atatu kumawonjezera zero, ndipo kupsinjika kwamagetsi kwa chipangizo chamagetsi kumachepa. Chifukwa cha mwayi umenewu, panthawi yomweyi yosinthira, inverter imatha kugwiritsa ntchito makina opangira fyuluta ang'onoang'ono kusiyana ndi mawonekedwe a magawo awiri, ndipo kutaya kwa inductor, mtengo ndi voliyumu zimatha kuchepetsedwa bwino; ndi pa linanena bungwe harmonic zili, The inverter angagwiritse ntchito m'munsi kusintha pafupipafupi kapangidwe kagawo awiri mlingo, chipangizo kusintha imfa ndi yaing'ono, ndi dzuwa kutembenuka kwa inverter bwino.